The government may infuse about Rs 8,000 crore in five or six state-run
banks that are likely to fall short of regulatory capital requirements, a
senior finance ministry official said. These banks may include Nirav Modi scam-hit Punjab National Bank.
“There are some banks that have issued additional tier 1 capital bonds
and the interest payments are due. Now if they don’t meet the
regulatory capital norms, they will not be allowed to make such
payments,” the official said. The government cannot allow public sector
banks to default on such payments, which will impact their rating, the
official said.
Banks raise capital through AT1 bonds, which are perpetual in nature
and therefore provide higher interest rates to investors. A high level
of bad loans and widening losses have made it difficult for banks to
service these bonds, raising the risk of default.
Some banks that came under the Reserve Bank
of India’s prompt corrective action (PCA) framework will also benefit
from this tranche of capital infusion, said another official. The PCA
framework is meant to encourage banks to avoid certain riskier
activities and focus on conserving capital so that their balance sheets
can become stronger.
“These banks had issued upper tier II bonds and the interest
payments are also linked to statutory capital ratios. We are doing an
assessment of their requirements,” the official added.
Earlier this year, the government had asked banks under PCA to
recall AT 1 bonds. Lenders that have recalled these instruments include
Oriental Bank of Commerce and Bank of Maharashtra.
Despite recapitalisation, of the 15 public sector banks that have
declared their results for FY18, the tier 1 capital position reported by
only five is close to the minimum regulatory requirement of 7%,
according to a recent report by rating company ICRA.
“The coupon servicing ability for these weak banks is now contingent
on their ability to raise capital immediately before their coupon
payment due dates,” the report had said. Public sector banks had Rs
63,595 crore of such debt capital instruments as of April 1, of which Rs
25,831crore was issued by 11banks currently under PCA, ICRA said.
In January, the government announced Rs 88,000 crore of capital
support to 20 state-run banks for FY18 while prescribing a reforms
package to make them more accountable.
Of this amount, Rs 80,000 crore was through recapitalisation bonds
and Rs 8,139 crore as budgetary support, while banks were to raise Rs
10,312 crore from the market.
The infusion is part of a Rs 2.11lakh crore plan announced last
October. The government will provide Rs 1.35 lakh crore through
recapitalisation bonds, while banks will need to raise Rs 58,000 crore
on their own.
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